GIGA Focus International Edition Chinese
Number 1 | 2013 | ISSN: 1862-3581
2010年12月17日,突尼斯蔬菜小贩穆罕默德·布瓦吉吉(Mohammed Bouazizi)的自焚,触发了“阿拉伯之春”。短短数月之内, 抗议浪潮摧毁了突尼斯、埃及、利比亚的独裁者。自此之后,抗议 活动令该地区陷入紧张状态,而此前,人们还以为该地区独裁统治 稳定,能顽固抵抗民主的侵袭。
解析
“阿拉伯之春”开始以来,北非及近东地区举行议会大选并讨论宪 法,对残留的独裁统治的公开批评,主导着公众舆论。这些改变能 有多彻底、多持久, 现尚无法断言,但几个显著要点,已能确知。
反对运动质疑独裁政权的最初阶段所表现出的自发性、轻率性, 不仅令西方的观察者、也让阿拉伯的统治者们感到惊异。最初的 惊诧之后,遗留下的独裁者们回归到其传统的统治稳定手段中 来,只是迄今为止,成效有限。
触因、演变形式、深度,各国有所不同。各政府的反应,亦从谨 慎让步到暴力镇压,各有不一。
大部分阿拉伯政府极度缺乏合法性,而公民们要求,最终能更公 正地参与到政治、经济、社会进程中来。在他们的抗议活动中, 可以观察到类似的象征标记及相互的关联。这些类似共性让“阿 拉伯之春”成为该地区一时代性的新型事件。
众多阿拉伯国家里,温和派的伊斯兰教徒势力增强,现在许多人 认为,他们是取代现有政府的另一出路,值得信赖,并能胜任这一职责。
Rosiny, Stephan (2013), "阿拉伯之春":触因、演变及前景, GIGA Focus International Edition Chinese, 1, Hamburg: German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA), https://www.giga-hamburg.de/de/publication/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E4%B9%8B%E6%98%A5%EF%BC%9A%E8%A7%A6%E5%9B%A0%E3%80%81%E6%BC%94%E5%8F%98%E5%8F%8A%E5%89%8D%E6%99%AF
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